Which of the following is not true of sunspots? D) nuclear fusion. D They move across the Sun c. They are permanent d. They are caused by magnetic activity e. They vary in size 3. D) By measuring Doppler shifts, we observe vibrations of the Sun's surface that are created deep within the Sun. C) This process could not possibly lead to the observed power output of the Sun. A B The remaining 4 million tons of mass is Main sequence, red giant, planetary nebula, white dwarf: Main sequence, planetary nebula, red giant, white dwarf. C) The rate of nuclear fusion in the Sun peaks about every 11 years. established a framework to address acid precipitation. A mi padre y a m (nos-te) importan los actores de Hollywood. composition, origin, evolution. Another way that we can learn about the Sun is by capturing the particles in the solar wind that come from the Sun. C) by observing auroras here on Earth The main cause of sunspots is the suns magnetic field. C) extremely hot plasma flowing along magnetic field lines. Briefly explain how the Sun became hot enough for nuclear fusion. All of this additional energy can cause an increase in solar activity, including more frequent and powerful solar storms. C Sunspots can be up to 12 times larger than Earth. gases in the radiation zone. A) the bubbling pattern on the photosphere produced by the underlying convection A You will then reach the source of these photons, the core of the Sun, which is actively involved in nuclear fusion, converting hydrogen into helium and releasing multitudes of photons and neutrinos. A A) 6 H becomes 1 He + energy. C Magnetic fields on the sun are produced by the sun's uneven rotation and. the BEST answer for each question and, mark What is the common cause of sunspots, flares, and prominences? True False 3. They are magnetic storms. A magnet, for example, may attract another thing. The photosphere is relatively thin compared to the other atmospheric regions. Both natural and anthropogenic gases, particles, and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. forms acid rain Because of a combination of thin, icy clouds and Antarctic wind patterns which trap chlorine freed from CFCs. Sunspots can last for a few days, weeks, or sometimes even months, depending on their size. additional D C) It is physically impossible to generate heat simply by making a star shrink in size. B) 5,800 K. Which of the following statements is not true about the planets so far discovered around other stars? C) the Sun generates energy by nuclear fusion. B) The likelihood of seeing solar prominences or solar flares is higher when sunspots are more common and lower when they are less common. B. ionization energy is the amount of energy used to add an electron to an atom. the regular movement of a relatively constant number of sunspots. They often appear in pairs or clusters. Two of the protons are ejected back into the solar material. Earth represents a vast integrated system. D) The cycle is truly a cycle of magnetic activity, and variations in the number of sunspots are only one manifestation of the cycle. B) Solar neutrinos are generated by solar winds, but we're in a solar minimum now, so the risk of damage is very low. The helium produced from the fusion of hydrogen has less mass than the hydrogen that goes into its formation. sunspots are surface disturbances caused by magnetic storms. About six times as many neutrinos are observed than expected from, c. C) The Sun's entire magnetic field flip-flops at the end of each cycle (at solar minimum). These flares are outbursts of charged particles that can affect radio communications on Earth. Sunspots are dark, planet-size regions of strong magnetic fields on the surface of the sun. B ) A elements toward the bottom of a group periodic table generally have higher ionization energies than elements at the top of a group. Hydrogen fusion in the Sun requires a temperature (in Kelvin) of B) areas of the corona where magnetic field lines project into space, allowing charged particles to escape the Sun, becoming part of the solar wind C. 8. B) weak force We also provide a link between extrinsic uncertainty arising in games (e.g. E) lumps of denser material in the Sun, What are coronal holes? D) Not all fusion reactions create electron neutrinos. C B C) Our understanding of fusion in the Sun suggested that neutrinos should be destroyed before they arrive at Earth, yet neutrinos were being detected. Electrostatic forces between the highly charged iron nuclei are, sufficient a. 1). B A) As the Sun was forming, nuclear fusion reactions in the shrinking clouds of gas slowly became stronger and stronger, until the Sun reached its current luminosity. Sunspots typically have a dark center still with a lighter edge, known as the umbra, and they may also have a brighter region called a penumbra that surrounds the umbra. c. Which of the following is NOT true about the differences between vector data model and raster data model?. C Why are neutrinos so difficult to detect? Sunspots are often associated with large eruptions on the suns surface known as solar flares. They are hotter than the surrounding photosphere. when hot stars are on the main sequence. The poles have the smallest variation in summer and winter day lengths. radiation but only line emissions, like a low density, 18. D) 90% dark matter, 10% ordinary matter, From center outward, which of the following lists the "layers" of the Sun in the correct order? The photosphere is significantly cooler than temperatures at the sun's core, which can reach about 27 million F (15 million C) according to NASA. Sunspots appear in cycles, with high numbers of spots occurring during certain periods and low numbers at others. Laura miraba a Elin con amor. Which of the following is true of the ionosphere? E) The Sun does not emit neutrinos. the difference in amount of incoming shortwave and outgoing longwave radiation. which of the following is not true of sunspots? C) radiation and elements such as carbon and nitrogen. Our Sun will end its life by becoming. composition, temperature, and function. Sunspots are most prevalent in an 11-year cycle; the number of sunspots peaks about every 11 years. B) the strong wind that blows sunspots around on the surface of the Sun C) detecting solar neutrinos generated in the Sun's core C C) The radiation produced by fusion reactions that is trapped in the core gradually raises the temperature, increasing the rate of fusion. sunspot equilibria). Because of the electromagnetic force, the two protons will C) Nuclei have to be very hot in order to fuse, and the only way to get them hot is to bring them close together. The solar spectrum is a good example of what kind of spectrum? A) It predicted that the Sun could last only about 25 million years, which is far less than the age of Earth. As it contracted, its gravitational potential energy was converted to thermal energy. A) Experimental evidence indicates that the problem is solved and the expected number of solar neutrinos are indeed being produced by the Sun. C) areas of the corona where magnetic field lines project out into space, allowing charged particles to escape and form the solar wind to overcome the collapse and stabilize the stellar, d. Muons are created by cosmic-ray collisions at an elevation h (as measured in Earth's frame of reference) above Earth's surface and travel downward with a constant speed of 0.990c. B) ejected into space by solar flares. D) trillions of degrees. A. B. b. C) chemical reactions Higher-mass stars run through their lives faster and have shorter, b. D B) nuclear fusion Iron nuclei are so large that they occupy all remaining space and, c. Why does the surface of the Sun appear to have a sharp edge? The subsolar point is at the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5 S). Daylength is longest on the summer solstice and is shortest on the winter solstice, D This will cause its position in the, Hertzsprung-Russell The cesium iodide (CsI) molecule has an atomic separation of 0.127 nm. C) 5 billion years. Modelo A Mara (le-les) encantan las pelculas romnticas. What is the Sun made of (by mass)? *a. A) The number of sunspots peaks approximately every 11 years. E) neutrinos from the solar core reach the solar surface easily. The neutrinos are about twice as energetic on average than is. C) The Sun generates energy through nuclear reactions while nuclear power plants generate energy through chemical reactions. What happens to energy in the Sun's convection zone? C sequence Each atom contains electrons, which are charged particles. The dark spots are caused by regions of intense magnetic field, which are up to 2,500 times greater than the field of the earth. These are now known as the Galilean moons: Io, Ganymede, Europa and Callisto. C) electromagnetic force E) both C and D, Studies of solar vibrations have revealed that A) gravitational contraction of the Sun D) our mathematical models of the solar interior are fairly accurate. Trucks with a 35,000 pound capacity will be used for transport a) Compute the required volume of borrow pit excavation. A) about one meter Based on function, the atmosphere has The reaction of automobile exhaust and ultraviolet light One important aspect of the study of binary star systems, as, distinct . We can measure the luminosity that the Sun is producing and therefore determine how much fusion must be going on in its core. C) holes in the corona of the Sun that allow us to see the photosphere B. method of collecting geologic data. Melt from the subducting plate rises to the surface, erupts through the . will collapse under their own gravity? a. The most likely places where stars and planetary systems are forming. 10 km (6.21 mi) above the Earth's surface. Sunspots can also often be accompanied by intense dark patches of plasma that are suspended above the suns surface called prominences, which may disperse into space and can cause beautiful auroras if they are directed toward Earth. This site is using cookies under cookie policy . Which of the following correctly compares the Sun's energy generation process to the energy generation process in human-built nuclear power plants? from single stars, is that it provides, a. apparent brightness against distance for stars near to the Sun. A) Fusion reactions in the Sun ceased a few hundred thousand years ago. A) We have X-ray images from satellites of the interior of the Sun. C) yellow sunspots are brighter than the rest of the What is the term for loops or sheets of glowing gas ejected from active regions on the solar surface? The gravitational disturbance of one star's motion by its. Why? E. What do we mean when we say that the Sun is in gravitational equilibrium? C) billions of degrees. The Sun has sufficient hydrogen to continue fusing into helium for how much longer? Elin la miraba con amor tambin. Inside the Sun, this process begins with protons (which is simply a lone hydrogen nucleus) and through a series of steps, these protons fuse together and are turned into helium.So all A,B,C are produced in nuclear fusion in the sun. E) join together to form a nucleus. which of the following is not true of sunspots? The dam has a height H = 12 m and a width W = 10 m. Assume that the density of the water is = 1000 kg/m . Select the correct map type or mapping method for the above map. The Sun formed from a cloud of gas. For example, by detecting solar neutrinos we can learn more about the fusion that is going on within the Sun's core. Which of the following statements about solar sunspots is NOT true? C C D) converting kinetic energy into electricity 13. B) Fusion in the Sun's core creates neutrinos. E) 4 H 1 He + energy. hotter. D) The planets need more and more energy to maintain any life on them as time goes on, and therefore the Sun must bet hotter. and to force it to move in an orbit. sunspots can produce flares and prominences. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn about Enif from. Sunspots are dark areas of intense magnetic activity that form on the surface of the Sun. Reset Help deep-ocean trenches 1. Abe Mizrahi, Edward E. Prather, Gina Brissenden, Jeff P. Adams, Jeffrey O. Bennett, Mark Voit, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas O. Schneider, Foundations of Astronomy plus The Night Sky Planisphere - Latitude 30- 40, Chapter 14 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems,. It occurs in large amounts in the atmosphere relative to other gases, such as nitrogen and oxygen. A) they are regions where convection carries cooler material downward. B) It referred to the fact that neutrinos are extremely difficult to detect. Follow the model. B) red An ice storm breaks a transmission line and interrupts electric power to a town. one continuous zone that functions as a whole. D) The rate at which fusion occurs would decrease, leading to an expansion of the core, which would in turn cause the temperature to drop back down. C D) It quickly meets an ordinary electron, forming an electron-positron pair that remains stable. A longer lived source that could match the energy requirements is gravitational contraction. Which of the following statements about the sunspot cycle is not true? A D) Both have approximately the same mass. These magnetic fields are produced by complex interactions within the solar atmosphere which can cause energy to be released in the form of flares, coronal mass ejections and other eruptions. What evidence then do we have to support our current ideas about the solar interior? Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. B) Fusion reactions decrease the overall number of particles in the core, causing the core to shrink, converting gravitational potential energy into thermal energy, and increasing the rate of fusion. C) Energy slowly leaks outward through the radiative diffusion of photons that repeatedly bounce off ions and electrons. C) The core would heat up, causing it to radiate so much energy that it would shrink even more. D) Gravitational contraction involves the generation of heat by chemical reactions, much like the burning of coal. D. They are surface disturbances caused by magnetic storms. B) the gravitational force d. Together, these two factors lead to sunspots appearing darker than the rest of the Sun. How do we know how old the solar system is quizlet. *b. Most of the energy produced in the Sun is released in the form of visible light from the photosphere. D) The Sun generates energy through fission while nuclear power plants generate energy through fusion. A. Why do you turn down this excellent offer? Galileo turned his gaze toward Venus, the brightest celestial object in the sky - other than the Sun and the Moon. How much mass does the Sun lose through nuclear fusion per second? b. A) The chromosphere is best observed with infrared telescopes and the corona is best observed with ultraviolet telescopes. When we say that the Sun is a ball of plasma, we mean that Which of the following types of stars or stellar remnants can have a, mass Which of the following is true with respect to the. E) The Sun is generating energy other than by nuclear fusion. D predicted If an electric hair dryer uses 2,400 J of" energy in 2 s, what is its power? The sun's photosphere is about 300 miles (500. The borrow material that will be used to construct this fill is stiff clay. B) They actually are fairly bright but appear dark against the even brighter background of the surrounding Sun. We observe the Sun to exhibit a sunspot cycle over a period of 22 years, tied directly to its magnetic activity. b. The sunspot cycle is very steady, so that each 11-year cycle is nearly identical to every other 11-year cycle. Why is it important to understand the Sun in order to understand the Earth's radiation belts and space weather? They are cooler than the surrounding photosphere of the Sun. cycle generates sufficient energy to stop the collapse. Which of the following statements about the sunspot cycle is not true? Question Which of the following apply to Quasars? gas pressure to halt the collapse. a disk-shaped nebula of dust and gas rotating around a relatively. A is considered beneficial in trapping UV radiation. 12. Because they are moving rapidly away from the Sun and their, spectra A B) gravitational contraction. A) 1,000,000 K. D) constantly rising to the surface through convection. B) joules 3. Question: Which one of the following is NOT true? The circle of illumination passes through both poles. E. More solar energy is radiated when sunspots are fewer. Earth and the Sun formed specifically from, The photochemical reactions responsible for photochemical smog produce. ~ Very strong energy source production ofjets formed in isolated areas varies on extremely long timescales strong radio source 1/ point 1/ point 1/ point. C Which of the following statements about neutrinos is not true? 23. While the atmosphere exerts pressure, it is a negligible amount. C) corona. d. convective motion of gases in the upper portion of the Sun's, 24. A) remain stationary. The chromosphere is the layer of the Sun that we see as its visible surface. Briefly describe what you will see as you descend. B) photosphere. Explain the reasoning that led to our understanding of nuclear energy being the source of the Sun's light. They appear dark because they are cooler than other parts of the Sun's surface. sufficient to halt the collapse. B) Earth's upper atmosphere tends to expand during solar maximum, exerting drag on satellites in low orbits. A) strong force C) nuclear fission Sunspots are typically more common in higher latitudes of the Sun and will appear as dark, round patches. D) join together to form a deuterium nucleus. B) regions in the photosphere where magnetic lines gather, creating cooler areas with much less plasma (D). E) Energy is conserved so while the gas moves up and down, there is no net transport of energy. View full document. a. A Solar radiation arriving at Earth's atmosphere and surface is called, The uneven distribution of insolation by latitude is primarily a result of. D. the timing of Earth's perihelion and aphelion A) The Sun's mass is about 300 times the mass of Earth. The Sun is a relatively young star, near the beginning of its life. C) small variations in the rate of nuclear energy generation in the solar interior The statement that is not true about solar sunspots is that they are permanent. D At the height of this cycle, known as solar maximum, the Sun's magnetic poles flip. D) nuclear fusion of helium to carbon. 30 seconds. Sunspots also appear dark because they are composed primarily of dense, dark-colored photospheric and chromospheric material. A) The Sun's surface is boiling. they B) Energy is transported outward by the rising of hot plasma and sinking of cooler plasma. Hint 1. an elusive, subatomic particle having little or no mass, and. D) repel each other. They are a darker and cooler area than the rest of the sun and have a temperature of around 3,800 degrees Kelvin. Why is the hole in the ozone greatest over Antarctica? the parallel that is the farthest northern location for the subsolar point during the year. C) We do not know how to detect electron neutrinos. Typically, the presence of multiple sunspots means an increase in solar activity, which in turn can lead to periods of higher solar flare activity. The solar thermostat is analogous to the thermostat at home: it works to maintain a constant temperature. Sunspots are dark patches on the surface of the Sun that vary from a few hundred kilometers to tens of thousands of kilometers in diameter. E) Nothing; mass-energy is conserved. The spectral class of the star Enif is K2 while that of the Sun is, G2. Curious about the Sun, Galileo used his telescope to learn more. E) They emit light in other wavelengths that we can't see. E. The circle of illumination passes through both poles. A) ejected into space in a solar wind. They are distributed approximately uniformly over the Sun's surface both in position and in time. An astronomer plots the HR diagram of a star cluster and finds that, it C A) The sunspot cycle strongly influences Earth's weather. The proton-proton chain is B) They are all shaped by the solar wind. A) More sunspots indicate increased solar radiation. Question: Which of the following statements about spectral types of stars is not true? It has a ratio of turns N1/N2N_1 / N_2N1/N2 of 100 to 1. As you plunge through the "surface" of the Sun, the photosphere, the temperature will be a slightly cooler 5,800 K, compared to the outer layers, and you will see the slightly cooler regions of sunspots and the granulation on the surface caused by the convection underneath. is ineffective because so few countries have ratified it. It extends through the troposphere into the stratosphere. Why are humans and other living things not crushed by the pressure of the atmosphere? The core of the Sun is at a temperature of about 20,000 K. The proton-proton chain converts four hydrogen nuclei into one helium nucleus. (a) Determine the energy of the second excited rotational state, with J = 2. A) Higher temperature would cause the rate of nuclear fusion to rise, which would increase the internal pressure, causing the core to expand and turn the Sun into a giant star. A "star" image separates into two distinct images periodically, c. C. It decreases to 1/4 its original magnitude. A) the specific set of nuclear reactions through which the Sun fuses hydrogen into helium. in the rarified space between galaxies. A. B) The Sun's magnetic field, which plays a major role in the sunspot cycle, affects compass needles that we use on Earth. a very small asteroidlike body orbiting the Sun. C) The Sun initially began making energy through chemical reactions. The light radiated from the Sun's surface reaches Earth in about 8 minutes, but the energy of that light was released by fusion in the solar core about Sunspots are cooler than the surrounding solar surface because Sometimes the Sun's surface displays virtually no sunspots, while at other times its surface displays a relatively large number of sunspots. E) Radio waves can pass directly through the gas which allows us to see the core. Because of the electromagnetic force, the two protons will A rapidly rotating neutron star, producing beams of radio energy. D) The chromosphere and corona are both best studied with radio telescopes. By what process does the Sun generate energy? B. Chlorine freed from CFCs only remain in the atmosphere for several days, on average. the greater the stellar mass, the less the luminosity. The interaction between the magnetic fields and the solar plasma can cause sunspots to become unstable, leading to flares, prominences, and other solar eruptions. 1) In the late 1800s, Kelvin and Helmholtz suggested that the Sun stayed hot thanks to gravitational contraction. D) The electron neutrinos created in the Sun's core change into another type of neutrino that we did not detect. D) We are seeing hot gas rising and cool gas falling due to the convection that occurs beneath the surface. A. the revolution of Earth around the Sun 4). B. the oblate spheroidal shape of Earth The spots are dark because the magnetic activity of these regions is so intense that it suppresses convection (the transfer of heat energy to the surface). B) The Sun's mass is about 30 times the mass of Earth. A. Blackbody spectrum B. By what process do nuclear power plants on the Earth generate energy? C) The Sun's mass is about 300,000 times the mass of Earth. The ozonosphere is critical to life because it? Sunspots on the surface of the Sun are regions of intense magnetic activity, appearing as dark spots in visible light due to the cooler temperatures found in these regions. E) The number of solar flares peaks about every 11 years. A) Nuclei normally repel because they are all positively charged and can be made to stick only when brought close enough for the strong force to take hold. a. the same mass as the four hydrogen atoms, because any product has, d. They are cooler than the surrounding photosphere of the Sun. E. The equator experiences at least six-hours difference in day length from winter to summer. created the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. C) 4 tons Which of the following is true regarding day length? B) variations in the temperature of the photosphere As the core contracts, it heats up and the core returns to its normal operating temperature. D) Nothing; this is an artist's rendering of the sun. Why do sunspots appear dark in pictures of the Sun? No, sunspots do not make the Earth hotter. B) millions of degrees. They vary in number on an 11 year cycle. 2. B) solar flares C) The chromosphere is the source of X rays, and the corona is the source of radio waves. Sunspots are the phenomena that occur in the photosphere of the sun that looks like dark spot than the rest of the sun's surface. sunspots are surface disturbances caused by magnetic storms. The Sun's core is an astonishing 29,000,000 degrees F., while the pressure is about 100 billion times the atmospheric pressure here on Earth. was ratified by the U.S. Congress in 1987. 4. Why do sunspots appear dark? Which of the following is not a method astronomers use to determine the physical conditions inside the Sun? A) regions on the photosphere where magnetic lines poke through, creating the cooler areas of the sunspots A During sunspot minimum, sunspots are far less frequent and the Sun may appear much more uniform in brightness. True False. B d. A) Theoretical models predict that neutrinos should be produced in the Sun, but no neutrinos have ever been observed to be coming from the Sun. The CFC molecules react with ultraviolet light to release fluorine which then destroys ozone. What is a possible solution to the solar neutrino problem? Almost all elements heavier than hydrogen and helium were made inside stars. D) The Sun becomes much brighter. At the center of the Sun, nuclear fusion converts hydrogen into in your Student ID# and the FORM NUMBER of your, exam A) Early experiments designed to detect solar neutrinos found them, but in fewer numbers than had been expected. black hole, neutron star, white dwarf, *c. C. The subsolar point is at the Tropic of Cancer (23.5 N). TrueFalse. The distance between corresponding points on any two successive waves is known as the. Acid deposition is deposition that measures more than 7.0 on a pH scale. The transfer of matter from one star to its companion. The source of energy that keeps the Sun shining today is D) Individual protons are joined into long chains of protons. Which of the following best explains why the Sun's luminosity gradually rises over billions of years? Right now, about half the amount of hydrogen in the core of the Sun has been fused into helium. C) converted to an amount of energy equal to 4 million tons times the speed of light squared. Which of the following statements about the sunspot cycle is not true? C) 50% hydrogen, 25% helium, 25% other elements How is the energy difference equalized? C) magnetic fields trap ionized gases that absorb light. (b) Find the frequency of the photon absorbed in the J = 1 to J = 2 transition. These . What proportion of climate scientists has concluded that humans are the primary driver of today's climate warming? B Furthermore, the magnetic fields associated with sunspots have the ability to absorb light, providing the dark spots with an even further reduction in contrast. C. the orientation of Earth's axis B) about one thousand According to modern science, approximately how old is the Sun? From the center outward, which of the following lists the "layers" of the Sun in the correct order? D C. The depletion is restricted to the arctic and antarctic regions. D) orange A) The number of sunspots peaks approximately every 11 years. The Sun's average surface (photosphere) temperature is about the answer sheet into the test packet and turn both in. a band running from upper right to lower left, 21. C. The region principally absorbs gamma rays, X-rays, and interacts with the solar wind. A. Sunspots can have dramatic effects on the Earths space environment, including the generation of coronal mass ejections, solar flares, and other space weather phenomena. Which is the strongest of the fundamental forces in the universe? Which of the following is not true of carbon dioxide? stars noticeably above the main sequence. unevenly mixed gases that act independently. d. They increase and decrease in number, relatively regularly. While the early part of the sunspot record before 1800 is still characterized by large uncertainties due to poorly observed periods, the more recent sunspot numbers are mainly affected by three . D) gravitational force Earth's curvature, which presents varied angles to parallel solar rays. Oceanic crust spreads at mid-ocean ridges, creating new crust and slowly enlarging the ocean basin. (E). D) The Sun initially began generating energy through nuclear fusion as it formed, but today it generates energy primarily through the sunspot cycle. Which of the following regarding atmospheric pressure is true? Physics College answered Which of the following statements is NOT true about sunspots? However, as geologists and paleontologists found evidence for an ancient Earth, astronomers realized that gravitational collapse could not be the dominant energy source of our Sun today. a. D) convection zone 3. 480 km (300 mi) above the Earth's surface. B. A) They are composed of different elements than the rest of the sun. A) The sunspot cycle is very steady, so that each 11-year cycle is nearly identical to every other 11-year cycle. Which is closest to the temperature of the core of the Sun? They are likely carved out by turbidity currents, which occur when sediment-laden water rapidly moves down slope.

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