Dont hit me no more, the guy pleaded, crying. Frankie holds down the Lake City fort of Talents West, Franks longtime dancer-recruiting agency where girls looking for waitressing jobs usually wind up disrobing for male customers in nudie joints. It was the site of Franks first major criminal mistake-getting caught-leading to a federal prison term and spurring a Bellevue law forbidding nude dancing in or near residential areas. Franks star began its notorious rise in the late 1950s, amid a series of hearings and newspaper reports pointing to him as the man behind illegal gambling, prostitution, and payoffs at clubs in downtown Seattle and around the state. Frank Colacurcio Jr, son of the Boss of the Colacurcio Criminal Org/Family (Seattle). Look at the money theyre throwing at him. Or is a guy, I dont know. [6] He served more than a year at the Monroe State Reformatory (now known as the Washington State Reformatory). In 1991, Frank Sr. and Frankie were back in court. He violated his terms in one fell swoop in May 1995-grabbing, kissing, and propositioning a teenager he was interviewing for a topless job. "Not until I'm in the grave.". I dont have any doubts Frank will be back, says a longtime friend. Besides nude dancing and doing time, their common interests apparently include a longing for females. Millions of dollars, several prison terms and dozens of headlines later, what's most striking about Frank Colacurcio Sr. is what he's not: ominous, regretful or totally retired. In 1991, Frank, 73, and Frankie, 28, were convicted for failing to pay income taxes on profits skimmed from two clubs in Alaska-the Good Times and the Wild Cherry-between 1980 and 1989. Barnett.) Out on probation in 1994, and ordered by the court to stay away from topless dancing, and dancers, Frank just couldnt help himself. According to Orwall, at least one dancer was fired for organizing last year. [9] The few female reporters who encountered him then had a less kindly view: Frank was lecherous, even dangerous-drawbacks that male writers tended to overlook during happy hour. FRANK COLACURCIO JR, 48, and corporate defendant MM MR RM CORPORATION were sentenced today in U.S. District Court in Seattle for conspiracy to commit RICORacketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations. Besides, Frank was colorful. The woman said Frank first asked her to go home and cuddle and be lovey, then kissed her and offered her money. The club was slated for demolition after following guilty pleas by the other members of the board -- identified in the lawsuit as Frank Colacurcio Jr., Frank Colacurcio Sr.'s nephew Leroy Richard Christiansen, longtime associate David Carl Ebert and Steven Michael Fueston, manager of a Tacoma club also closed through the plea. Members of the conspiracy were indicted in June 2009. In 1981, Junior testified as a hostile government witness "I look at Frank Colacurcio as my dad, my friend and a very special person." Washingtons COVID-19 exposure notification app is scheduled to conclude May 11 in tandem with the end of the Public Health. That mentality seemed to be at play in a much larger issue: A strip club moratorium that had been in place since 1988. "It's 36 years of being with him that I've watched. He wasnt naturally chatty, but talked animatedly if the subject interested him. As part of his plea agreement, FRANK COLACURCIO, JR. is also barred from participating in any adult entertainment enterprise in the state of Washington for the three-year term of supervised release which will follow his prison sentence. The courts sentences will ensure that the notorious strip clubs stay closed and that the men who operated the strip clubs be severed completely from the businesses and properties they used to run their illegal operations. Pauole was at that point an unindicted co-conspirator safely ensconced in the witness protection program, and in order to stay there, and out of prison again, was ready to finger Frank and Frankie. Well take care of it, one of the cops said, pulling the man off the walk. In various recorded conversations, the Colacurcios and their associates dissuaded dancers and managers from reporting acts of prostitution and repeatedly returned dancers who were arrested for and caught in acts of prostitution back to the clubs. He had to have the honor. Frankie pleaded guilty to a single felony tax charge. Frank never appeared in D.C. but settled the assault charge by posting a peace bond-an old-time legal procedure that allowed him to put up $5,000 and promise not to hurt anyone for six months, or lose his money. Frank Colacurcio Jr. Sam found his way to the federal pen in 1988 for skimming profits from topless bars in Arizona. The gas station and the car wash next door, owned by Albert D. Rosellini, the former Washington state governorand the lawyer who had represented Colacurcio Sr. on a rape charge back in the 40shad a strip of parking to spare. Besides nude dancing and doing time, their common interests apparently include a longing for females. Many of them written by Erica C. Barnett. Forgive me while I rehash an issue you probably thought was long-dead. Although Colacurcio never testified, Committee Counsel Robert F. Kennedy did question him about his alleged racketeering activities in Seattle. The training has to be done by July so they havent really allotted any other time for other issues, Cole said. Wills also did not disclose that she had met with Rossellini before the vote. He also got a reprimand from his exs lawyers for the bad habit of lying to a judge: Clearly, says an entry in court papers, the respondent [Frank] did not make a forthright and candid disclosure of his assets and financial affairs. Immigrating first to New York, William followed other relatives to Seattle and became a hard-working truck farmer in South King County. (At a 1985 legislative hearing on crime in New Mexico, a federal investigator testified that Franks gang then numbered about 50 throughout the West and was behind an assortment of topless-related enterprises.). Frank Colacurcio Sr. and his son, Frank Colacurcio, Jr. who had represented Colacurcio Sr. on a rape charge, banned from working in the adult entertainment industry for life, Ballards Fake Harry Potter Restaurant Closes Under Mysterious Circumstances, Teresa Mosqueda Announces King County Council Campaign, Council Votes to Take More Money from You but Not Amazon, Urbanist Ron Davis Announces Campaign for City Council, Seattle Is the Anti-Fashion Capital of the World, We Probably Do Not Need Cops Directing Traffic at Sports Games, The Different Kinds of People That There Are, Seattle Sticker Patrol: Columbia City Has Eyes , What Happened After My Boyfriend Got Sexually Assaulted in the Military, The Mayor Promises to Fill 20 Vacant Storefronts Downtown, No, Washington Did Not Just Pass a Law Allowing the State to Kidnap and Transgenderify Children, The GOPs War on Trans Kids Relies on Myths about a Progressive Europe, Democrats Want Your Vote, Socialists Want Your Feet on the Street. Brother Bill, who became known as the Pinball King of Seattle, and Frank, the Jukebox King, were accused of illegally undercutting competitors in the vending, jukebox, pinball, and cigarette machine business. So finally he stands up, goes over to the hotelman, peels off six $100 bills, walks back, picks up the coffee table, and throws it in the fucking fireplace! Last year, strippers (also called dancers) organized with Working Washington to get their concerns about the industrya highly regulated mess that has created a virtual monopoly in the stateheard by legislators. In 1988, Sam pleaded guilty to profit skimming, Daniel pleaded guilty to obstructing an investigation by providing false information to investigators and prosecutors, and Patrick Colacurcio pleaded guilty to attempted trafficking in stolen property, all related to the operation of topless bars in Arizona. No problem, said the judge. In the 1950s, Colacurcio and his brother Bill were distributing vending, slot, pinball and cigarette machines. If a dancer speaks out, in Jane's opinion, it's serious. With money earned from these businesses, Colacurcio started investing in bars, restaurants, and clubs. Having too much back rent is an easy excuse to fire a dancer. [10] In June 2010, Colacurcio Jr. pleaded guilty to a racketeering and conspiracy. We've all done things that weren't right up to kosher.". As Bob Payton, Franks personnel director (and house-sitter when Franks off doing time) said in court last year, the young job seekers regularly tell him, I have no money, Im broke, my boyfriend left me, my husband beat me, Im on welfare, can I get paid under the table-things like that. Indeed. That one peed him off, says an old friend, because it was a setup deal; they lied to get him. Frank Colacurcio Jr., 47, of Seattle, is the heir to his father's strip club empire, which has waned in recent years as cities have restricted nude dancing. The proceeds of the sales will go to the U.S. Treasury. "He gives me advice on what shoes to wear.". The extent of Colacurcio's involvement in the nightclub industry may never be known. These were scams Frank had been performing for four decades, but he still couldnt get it right. Allegiance: Seattle crime family: Francis Colacurcio Sr. (June 18, 1917 - July 2, 2010) . As part of his plea agreement, FRANK COLACURCIO, JR. is barred from participating in any adult entertainment enterprise in the State of Washington for the three year term of supervised release which will follow his prison sentence. For less than a million dollars, you can own the home of deceased organized crime boss, Frank Colacurcio. In 1962, he opened a beer garden at the Seattle World's Fair.[1]. By 1962, Colacurcio had an interest in several bars, restaurants or nightclubs, including a beer garden at the World's Fair, and had brought topless dancing to Seattle. It was finally ended in 2007, but during that 18-year period no new strip clubs could be operated in Seattle. In front of us, a big man began drunkenly banging on the door, tired of waiting. "Dancers tolerate a lot of bad behavior," Jane said. There has only been one rule-making meeting so far. In April 2006, the state supreme court reinstated money laundering and political corruption charges from Strippergate charges against Frank Sr. and Frank Jr. On June 2, 2008, local police and federal agents raided Frank Sr.'s home in Lake Forest Park, the Talents West offices, and multiple strip clubs in three counties. Hes one good-lookin broad! However, as Barnett and Feit wrote, Strippergate could not be talked about without talking about the moratorium, which many outlets were ignoring: In the wake of Strippergateand in the context of a questionable moratoriumit's clear the public and press have a hypocritical view of strip clubs. Mostly, she wants the clubs to believe women. [2], Born to immigrant parents from southern Italy, Colacurcio was the eldest of nine children, and worked on his father's vegetable farm in Seattle. He was paroled a year later. Frank Francis Jr. is called Frankie. Writing to the court, prosecutors noted that this sentencing is a final chapter in a long running criminal enterprise. Forbes contributed $600 to Wills in the spring of 2001. In exchange, federal prosecutors agreed to dismiss fourteen other charges. ", First of all, Jane told me, I think if someone is blacklisted from a club they would be embarrassed to sue the clubmost of our customers are married men. He pauses. Wills had received money from Forbes as well as Levy, the Colacurcios' lawyer, since 2001 according to a Stranger report by Barnett and former news editor Josh Feit: Like clockwork, in April or May, folks in Seattle's strip club industrylike Rick's owner Frank Colacurcio Jr., Colacurcio Jr.'s attorney Gilbert Levy, and longtime porn industry player Roger Forbes (identified in city Ethics & Elections records as president of Dej Vu's bookkeeper, Consolidated Bookkeeping, until November 2002)make donations. He never hung around long, and his associates kept the nudie business humming, taking their cues from Frank long-distance. The attention began in 1943. So Frank goes to work and tracks the guy down in San Francisco. "Some people would call it extravagant," the younger Colacurcio says of his lifestyle. The way they do it is by finding another reason to fire a dancer, she explained. FRANK COLACURCIO JR, 48, and corporate defendant MM MR RM CORPORATION were sentenced today in U.S. District Court in Seattle for conspiracy to commit RICORacketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations. Frank Colacurcio, Sr., ran a strip-club empire and was depicted as a sort of Godfather of the Pacific Northwest. The strip clubs run by this organization, Rick's in Seattle, Fox's in Parkland, Pierce . In fact, he credits the trouble with making the good times seem better. In June 2008, the FBI, IRS and local police raided the then-90-year-old Colacurcio's home and other . "I'll never be retired retired," says Colacurcio, 78. The pay can be good, $100 a day and up to $300 on a great day, mostly in tips. The Musician Who Gave Me the City and Stars, Vangelis, Is Dead, Chris Cornell Interview, Extended Version, Seattle Sticker Patrol: Free Housing 4 All (Or Else), No, Washington Did Not Just Pass a Law Allowing the State to Kidnap and Transgenderify Children, Olympia Shatters Plan to Reboot Its War on Drugs, No Clear Path Toward Criminalizing Drugs in Washington, Washington Senate Wants to Punish the Addiction Out of People, Washington Democrats Defeat Transphobic Bills as Most LGBTQ Protections Clear Hurdles. Contact Us- Overview- Territory/Jurisdiction, News and Outreach - Press Room|Stories- In Your Community- Multimedia: Podcasts | Videos, About Us- Our People & Capabilities- What We Investigate- Our Partnerships- Seattle History, This content has been reproduced from its. Frankies plea bargain in the 1991 case allowed him to continue running the current six topless clubs (neither he nor anyone at Talents West returned calls or would comment for this story). He started our conversation talking about how he didn't even remember Heidi Wills and has only been paying attention to Council Member Kshama Sawant's race. Two of Franks other brothers, Patrick and Daniel, also pleaded guilty to criminal charges connected to the Phoenix and Tucson topless operations. One of his attorneys, John Wolfe, told a federal judge last year that Franks Mafia links were local myth: I mean, there is a lot of folklore about this gentleman. Frank was breaking up with laughter when the unknowing politico raced up to the bar and ordered more drinks for me and my girl. When Will Seattle Get Police Alternatives? COLACURCIO, JR. agreed to forfeit $1.3 million in cash, all interest in the strip clubs and related property worth more than $6 million, and a $1.7 million property at 8600 Lake City Way which houses the Colacurcio company Talents West. COLACUCIO, JR. was sentenced to one year and a day in prison as called for in the plea agreement signed in June 2010. It is unaltered from its original form. He thinks someone should put Fremont's Lenin statue on Sawant's lawn. She told the officers Frank had sexually attacked her during a visit to his family home in Bellevue. While clubs are required to make changes, the laws are still going through the rule-making process with Washington State Labor & Industries and many clubs are waiting until those rules are finalized to implement blacklists and panic buttons. It was easy. He finds him in a hotel room and, five stories up, opens the window and holds the guy out over the street by his neck. FRANK COLACURCIO, JR. and corporate defendant MM MR RM CORPORATION both pleaded guilty in U.S. District Court in Seattle to Conspiracy to Commit RICORacketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations. Wills was fined $1,500 for not disclosing her Rossellini meeting on the record. And currently, thats getting clubs and dancers, alike, to agree on rules around these laws and getting the adult advisory committee to come up with the mandatory training for dancers. So were talking, and this woman comes up and starts looking at the coffee table between us. Though requirements of his probation ordered him to stay away from the topless business, Frank nonetheless had an office in the agency, witnesses say, complete with some of his infamous press clips on the wall. "I've never been an extravagant person," he says, quickly adding, "I have what I desire.". "Mafia malarkey," he said recently. He attended Bullard Havens Technical School. The corporations and three of the individual defendantsLeroy Richard Christiansen, 68, of Seattle, Washington, David Carl Ebert, 62, of Monroe, Washington and Steven Michael Fueston, 62, of Tacoma, Washingtonare barred from operating any adult entertainment business in Washington State for the next five years. His income has been estimated at $800,000 to $1 million a year. Prosecutors said the Colacurcios had skimmed profits at two Alaska topless bars. In April 2010, the first group of defendants, all Colacurcio associates, entered guilty pleas and the strip club properties were closed. I feel [that] Frankie-if he had to run it and his father wasnt around-I dont think hes capable of doing it. "But theres so many rules that council members need to know." For the fifth time in 52 years, Frank went off to prison. A year later, a grand jury indicted Colacurcio; his son, Frank Colacurcio Jr.; and four associates involved in operating four Western Washington strip clubs. A nightclub owner testified he paid Colacurcio $3,000 a month for police protection. We bantered one night over the pulsing music at the Nitelite on Second Avenue, epicenter of the Talents West topless-dance empire (in trouble with the liquor board, Frank had the place put in the name of one of his sisters). In 2005, both Frank Sr. and Frank Jr. were indicted, but in February 2006 the judge dismissed the charges. With this final sentencing, the government will move to take control of the Ricks, Sugars and Talents West properties and put them up for sale. Which is not to say that the story of Frank Colacurcio, 79, Seattles next-best thing to a criminal godfather, has necessarily reached its final chapter. During the sentencing hearing U.S. District Judge Richard A. Jones told COLACURCIO, JR. It appears you followed in the footsteps of your father your entire life. You are at a crossroads right now in what you do in your life. This is where the women are. Could the strip club buy it? The elder Colacurcio pleaded guilty to two counts of aiding and assisting in the preparation of false income-tax returns in 1984. . In the early 1990s, Colacurcio pleaded guilty to tax fraud at strip clubs he ran in Alaska and was sentenced to two and a half years in prison. He says his one indulgence is his boat, a 38-foot Bertram called 4PLAY, worth about $80,000. His house is jammed between its neighbors on a busy strip of Bothell Way Northeast in Lake Forest Park. The pinball industry in particular was loaded with competitive violence: Five car bombings linked to the pinball battles occurred in the early 1960s, but police never solved them. Frank was among those accused of heading up a shakedown operation in which hed extort money from other bar operators, then kick back part of it to the cops. annabel henley don henley's daughter; west philly shooting last night; how do i check my hdb tenant status; frank colacurcio construction. But that's the extent of his "mob connections." For example, Levy contributed $600 to Heidi Wills on April 27, 2001; the moratorium was renewed on April 30, 2001. He was a stocky rock of a man, 5-7, 180 pounds, a fisherman when he wasnt angling for money and women, who flashed a well-practiced angelic smile. The indictment follows the restraining order filed . I have had more back rent in the past year than I have ever had in my nearly 15-year career of dancing., Not all clubs use back rent, according to Frank Colacurcio Jr. (Yes, that Frank Colacurcio Jr.), whothough banned from running strip clubs in Washingtonis a consultant for Kittens Cabaret. Frank Colacurcio Sr., the 92-year-old patriarch of a local strip-club operation, joined his son and four associates in federal court in . Hey Frank, one said with a smile and a wave, standing over the battered, near-comatose man, this guy giving you trouble? And, Colacurcio was supposed to have met with the son of New York mob boss Joseph Bonanno. Frank Colacurcio, the eldest of nine children, was born to Italian immigrant farmers on June 18, 1917. In 2003, a criminal investigation began in Seattle known as "Strippergate" focusing on strip clubs owned by Frank Colacurcio, Sr. and his son, Frank Colacurcio Jr.[5] In 2008, local police and federal agents raided Colacurcio's home and business. This was Franks favorite place. Frankie lives with his wife and 14-year-old daughter in Arlington, Snohomish County, drives a 1991 Corvette and collects muscle cars as a hobby. What is he, 100, 150 years old? At 73, age was clearly becoming a factor in the continuation of Franks pro-crime crusade. Mr. Colacurcio had been in declining health for some time, suffering from congestive heart failure. Each year, they voted to extend it. In 1959, Colacurcio was subpoenaed by the U.S. Senate Rackets Investigating Committee to testify in a nationwide probe of the coin-machine industry. Granted, it was on a snow day for Seattle Public Schools and most dancers couldnt find childcare, Cole said. "I've got to go play," he says, ushering his guest to the door. In March 2006, the FBI started a multi-agency task force to investigate alleged organized crime, racketeering, and cold case murders tied to Frank Sr. "I call it comfortable.". Three rows behind her sat Frank Colacurcio, Jr., a friend of Dadi's and onetime heir . Wills told The Stranger during our endorsement meeting this year that Rosellini was a mentor to her and had asked her to "help solve a small business issue. We never did tell the guy he was smooching another guy.). Yet he is consistently vague about how many dancers he employs and how many clubs he runs. Each year, the council reviewed the moratorium. This agreem is binding Frank Francis Jr. is called Frankie. (Many of them written by Erica C. The indictments alleged Colacurcio Sr . Kinney believes the Colacurcios have no connection to East Coast crime families but are "their own variant of organized crime" - a notion Colacurcio has long scoffed at. "Because in my opinion, he's the one that has all the authority," she said in a deposition. [8], On June 30, 2009, Frank Sr., Frank Jr., and four associates were indicted by a federal grand jury on racketeering and other charges stemming from years-long investigations into allegations of prostitution and money laundering. The final defendant in the case, Frank Colacurcio, Jr., 48, of Seattle, Washington, and MM MR RM Corporation will be sentenced September 24, 2010. Writers liked him. She wont leave. Whack, whack! Thanks to a host of associates, Colacurcio was often able to remain a silent partner in the clubs. Frankie lives with his wife and 14-year-old daughter in Arlington, Snohomish County, drives a 1991 Corvette and collects muscle . Colacurcio Jr. was convicted of tax . Franks empire expanded steadily, and by the end of the decade he ran a handful of Seattle and King County clubs and another half-dozen scattered from the Southwest to Alaska. A daughter of Seattle's Oromo community, Biftu Dadi was remembered as a smart, spirited young woman. July 2, 2010. He had a family to support and there wasnt much call for a 65-year-old topless-bar manager. He married back in 1961, but never lost his roving eye and touch. The mostly cash businesses kept investigators close on his trail, trying to expose crimes associated with the strip clubs. L&I cannot do an inspection unless a complaint has been filed, according to Rep. Tina Orwall, who sponsored the bill last year. Conviction overturned on appeal; case awaiting retrial. I was among those who talked with Colacurcio back in his more expansive days. Ameduri said that L&I is working to improve this. He got to keep the Rolex, the $400,000 home with an indoor pool at Sheridan Beach, and two other properties worth another $400,000. He dropped out of school before completing the eighth grade and started a produce-hauling business. It ended much like it began-with some girl calling the cops. According to a Seattle Weekly report from the time, Wills never explained why she showed up at the meeting of a committee she wasn't on. They only meet once a month for three to four hours. "Naturally, being Italian and being a man my age, I do love women.". The 1991 conviction, his fourth, brought his running total at that point to nine years in stir the past two decades, and 11 years since 1943. "I did not know what they were. Colacurcio's only son, whom everyone calls Frankie, pleaded guilty in the same 1991 case that prohibited his father from working in the business. It is headed to Gov. Nathalie Graham reported on city hall for, Supreme Court Ruling Could Allow Washington to Tax the Rich, How Washington Plans to Fix the Behavioral Health Crisis, Ambitious Housing Reform Has a Real Shot This Year. He was released from prison in 2013, and entered the strip club industry again in 2014. By George Howland Jr. Heidi Wills rang my doorbell. Dads legacy to son, thus, was that Babes dancers last year had to keep some of their clothes on. After release from prison in 1985 for tax evasion, he continued to receive consulting fees from Huns Inc., one of the corporations that runs adult-entertainment clubs. The Colacurcios wanted to expand Rick's north Seattle parking lot. She uses that freedom to advocate loudly for what dancers need. That was his deal, he didnt trust anyone. And even the road to that progress is difficult for dancers who see these improvements, while necessary, as merely scratching the surface in an industry that many are desperate to change in bigger, more sweeping ways. Franks home today is the federal correctional institution in Bastrop Texas, 30 miles out of Austin, built in 1979, holding 900 inmates whose average age is 37. The scandal centered on Rick's strip club, an old Lake City haunt that was famously co-owned by Frank Colacurcio Sr. and his son, Frank Colacurcio, Jr. In return, theyd protect Frank and other illegal operators by not busting them. Back when I was working, I couldnt even talk to anybody about [these issues], I was so afraid that I would get fired. At Franks trial in 1971, a nightclub owner testified he once paid Colacurcio $3,000 a month for police protection. Colacurcio was indicted last year along with his son, Frank Jr., and several associates. "I have no way of knowing," he says. [6][7][8], In 2009, Colacurcio Sr., his son Frank Colacurcio Jr., and four others were indicted and charged with conspiracy and racketeering. Under the terms of Colacurcio Jr.'s plea agreement, he will be sentenced to a year and a day in prison. Frank Colacurcio Sr. Frank Colacurcio Sr., longtime resident of Newtown, Connecticut, passed away on September 28, 2020 at the age of 70. . ", The North Seattle Star, Media Hypocrisy, and Life Experience. The story amused Franks friends, as did some of his tough-guy antics. Now banished to the sidelines by the terms of his probation for a tax-fraud conviction, Seattle's former topless-dance king, now nearing 80, is not allowed to work for or even frequent the adult-entertainment clubs he once ruled. Now, I know that for many of you long-time Seattleites, you already remember Strippergate. As president of his dads company and combined interests, Talents West and Huns Entertainment of Seattle, Frank Jr. finds himself facing the same nagging problems as Frank Sr.: cops, moralists, probation officers, and zoning laws. That dancer over there, he said, pointing to a topless woman writhing under amber-colored lights on a mirrored stage, thats a guy. She was frustrated. He knows that doing time goes with the work, says a friend, although, the odd thing is, I think he could have gotten just as rich doing it all legit. Take the night in San Francisco, a story never before told publicly, when he hung that fella out the window. But, one thing at a time. In 1991, Frank Sr. and Frankie were back in court. ), A lot of the dancers who are on the advisory committee are afraid to go in person to the meetings, Jane, a dancer in downtown Seattle told me. She would also like to change restrictive zoning laws and end prohibition in clubs across the state (it is illegal to consume alcohol in Washington strip clubs.). . John Rosellini . Frank Colacurcio. She said that's why she's concerned about the next city councilit will likely be made up of many first-time council members.

Qagoma Guides Website, Accident In Longview, Wa Today, Beach Volleyball Camps 2022, Articles F