Osteoarthritis of the hip or knee can significantly impair the function of the joint, but arthroplasty helps to restore the function and reduce the associated pain. Browse Database. Cost comparison between bilateral simultaneous, staged, and unilateral total joint arthroplasty. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/government-publications, "Government Publications Radiographic stage of osteosarthritis or sex of the patient does not predict one year outcome after total hip arthroplasty. Disadvantages of E-Government. are the main factors in the decision on THA. Wang BL, Yue DB, Liu BX, Guo WS. Global Press Archive CRL Alliance Launches New In-Copyright Collection, Associated institutions in Mexico and the US launch the Repository of Documentation on Disappearances in Mexico, Sustaining Access to News: What We Learned from eDesiderata 2017, CRL's Leviathan agenda for digital government information, Certification & Assessment of Digital Repositories, Contributing Serials to the Linda Hall Library, Official Gazettes & Civil Society Documentation. Total hip arthroplasties in patients younger than 45 years: a nine- to ten-year follow-up study. It is generally preceded by key decisions and acts and the plan for its conduct is, Documents serve to archive and communicate information. Implementation of the decision also takes a long time in public enterprises. National Library of Medicine Several studies [27-29] have shown that the survival rates of cementless stems have been satisfactory for all age groups, but cementless cups have a common problem of liner wear, osteolysis, and high incidence of revision in the medium-to-long term [30]. Before McGrory BJ, Morrey BF, Cahalan TD, An KN, Cabanela ME. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. The main predictive factors of the time to THA were the age at diagnosis, the joint space thickness at diagnosis and the rate of JSN. Because of lower business volume, businesses in small towns often have smaller operating budgets compared with those of companies in large cities. Check out Pellegrinos completeGuide to Valuing Intellectual Propertyand download an excerpt. With the help of public sector there is possibility for the Government to reduce inequalities of income and wealth among the people. Prioritising elective care: a cost utility analysis of orthopaedics in the northwest of England. You can get help from Marie Waltz, CRLs Head of Access Initiatives. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (code: 81401586). Difficult to Get a Doctors Appointment 3. Katz et al [54] used a modified TTO method to estimate individual patient preference scores in 54 THA patients. Bernardi E, Prandoni P. The post-thrombotic syndrome. Government assistance A cost effectiveness analysis of total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis of the hip. Overall survival rates were 87.6% (10 years) and 70% (13 years). On the other hand, studies have presented fewer medical risks than those of previous reports [33]. PDF | On Dec 18, 2007, Joseph Reylan Bustos Viray published Federalism: Issues, Risks and Disadvantages | Find, read and cite all the research you need on Eskelinen A, Remes V, Helenius I, Pulkkinen P, Nevalainen J, Paavolainen P. Uncemented total hip arthroplasty for primary osteoarthritis in young patients: a mid- to long-term follow-up study from the Finnish Arthroplasty. Third, trade secrets can present a competitive advantage that may be difficult to reverse engineer or reproduce. Berry DJ, Harmsen WS, Cabanela ME, Morrey BF. Hoaglund F, Oishi C, Giallamas G. Exterme variations in racial rates of total hip arthroplasty for primary coxartrosis: a population based study in San Francisco. Berry DJ, Harmsen WS, Cabanela ME, Morrey BF. Artificial limitations to the market allow the patent owner to raise prices higher than the market clearing price, providing the patent owner with abnormal profits. Of the patients not regularly involved in sports in the year before surgery, only eight patients took up sports after surgery. Because of lower business volume, businesses in small towns often have smaller operating budgets compared with those of companies in large cities. Hip arthroplasty patients also showed greater improvement in pain and function and were more satisfied with the outcomes than patients undergoing knee arthroplasty. You will probably also need several months' worth of working capital to assist with cashflow. You often need to invest a large amount up front, and will also have to budget for professional fees for solicitors, surveyors, accountants etc. Using credit has some advantages. nibusinessinfo.co.uk The fact that others can independently develop the same or similar design allows a competitor the possibility to design a competing product that is the same or substantially similar, patent it, and then block the original inventor from selling embodiments of the trade secret in the open market. dg.o '14: Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research. Fitzgerald SJ, McAndrew CM, Kraay MJ, Goldberg VM. This will often make it necessary to offer smaller salaries, benefits and incentives to employees. Public Enterprises are managed like Government offices, thus efficiency cannot be seen in public enterprises. First, patents protect a design of something functional or utilized. "Government Publications Government can start with initiating tax incentives and corporate social initiatives, and decrease corporate tax for companies that have a 30% youth make-up. Kling, Robert E. The Government Printing Office. Information and translations of government publications in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Content Guidelines 2. The pooled rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection was 0.5%. See alsoCensus, U.S. Bureau of the ; Libraries . See also the CRL resources below related to. However, like boxers and wrestlers, the bigger they are, the harder they fall. It is a kind of monopoly under the control of Government. violating privacy and possible misuse and misinterpretation of data) on the other hand. Charnleys cemented low-friction hip replacement is still considered as the gold standard, against which new hip implants are compared [23]. They used the EQ-5D, a generic, self-reported HRQoL measure of 5 dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression), and the Rosser classification of illness states, which provides pair-wise groupings of 4 distress and 8 disability states experienced by the patient, to estimate the preoperative and postoperative utilities for both primary and revision THA. 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The postoperative risk of surgical site infection was significantly associated with intraoperative bacterial surgical wound contamination [68]. Furthermore, progression of hip OA could be defined by a change in joint space narrowing, and narrowing correlated with changes in clinical status [35,36]. With or without government protections, all IP forms may have economic value and knowing the differences is key. With improvements in cementing and other surgical techniques, the ability to achieve long-term fixation has been enhanced. Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. This suggested that action should be taken sooner if the progression is rapid. Callaghan JJ, Forest EE, Sporer SM, Goetz DD, Johnston RC. 2023 . Smaller employment packages make it more difficult to attract and retain higher-quality employees to a small-town business. General Advantages and Limitations of Government Undertakings ??? Since the mid-nineteenth century, one government establishment has existed to fill the printing, binding, and distribution needs of the federal gover, The Library of Congress, located in Washington, D.C., is the world's largest library, with nearly 110 million items in almost every language and form, The German inventor and printer Johann Gutenberg (ca. Englund M, Lohmander LS. GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. THA is generally regarded as an effective means of reducing pain and functional limitation associated with severe hip OA. Meding JB, Keating EM, Ritter MA, Faris PM, Berend ME. WebDisadvantages of secondary research; Quick and easy to gather: Not specific to the business: Can provide industry-specific information: Could be out of date: Often A large city's industries will generally include a wider selection. In the 1980s, Ritter and Meding observed a significant decrease in several activities except bicycling within 3 years after arthroplasty and recommended the intelligent participation in, for example, walking, golf, and bowling, to avoid harm to the prosthesis [63]. What are the disadvantages of trade secrets? Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Dougados M, Gueguen A, Nguyen M, Berdah L, Lequesne M, Mazieres B, Vignon E. Radiological progression of hip osteoarthritis definition, risk factors and correlations with clinical status. Disadvantages of government intervention. A market for the product or service will have already been demonstrated. WebGovernment documents are striking in their volume and variety. Orthopedics. Lack of selection of goods: It is a kind of Many of these documents are available to the public either directly through the Government Printing Office (GPO) or in one of more than 1,000 federal depository libraries across the country. The three most popular sports in their study were golf (> 50% preoperatively), bowling (> 30%), and tennis (30%). Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, As a regular contributor to Natural News, many of Hatter's Internet publications focus on natural health and parenting. Mkel KT, Eskelinen A, Pulkkinen P, Paavolainen P, Remes V. Total hip arthroplasty for primary osteoarthritis in patients 55 years of age or older: an analysis of the Finnish Arthroplasty Register. Implant survival was strongly associated with patient age and diagnosis at time of procedure. Therefore decision 2. Ritter MA, Meding JB. Norman-Taylor et al, demonstrated that quality of life scores before knee arthroplasty surgery are significantly lower than those before hip joint replacement [65]. FactSet Mergerstat/BVR Control Premium Study, Stout Restricted Stock Study & DLOM Calculator, Valuation Advisors Lack of Marketability Discount Study, First Research Industry & State or Province Profiles, 2023 Houston ASA Energy Valuation Conference, Guide to Intellectual Property Valuation,, business valuation accrediting organizations, business valuation standards & regulations, discount for lack of marketability (DLOM), Tell us how we can best cover the impact on valuations and valuation firms, Share with us how you are dealing with these challenging times. The poor service persisted, however, and Congress restored competitive bidding on a per-job basis in 1846 and created a Joint Committee on Printing to oversee the process. The diagnosis of PTS is done based on the development of the mentioned clinical manifestations in patients with a history of DVT. Conrozier T, Jousseaume CA, Mathieu P, Tron AM, Caton J, Bejui J, Vignon E. Quantitative measurement of joint space narrowing progression in hip osteoarthritis: a longitudinal retrospective study of patients treated by total hip arthroplasty. Fax: (773) 955-4339. Copyrights have several advantages over other IP types, including a significantly longer statutory lifethe life of the author plus 70 years! The transparent nature of publicly accessible data exposes a side of an organization which is quite often kept under Patients needs and characteristics should be carefully assessed while providing post-operative care and support. These investigators reported a mean preoperative utility score of 0.29 and a postoperative score at 2 years of 0.87. What are the disadvantages of trademarks? CRLs quarterly publication examining the challenges of preservation and access for primary source materials in various fields. Simultaneous bilateral THA offers the benefit of a one-session anesthetic risk, a shorter disability period, and a shorter, less costly overall hospitalization. While there will be pros and cons anywhere, consider the disadvantages of small towns before you decide to open your business in one. New York: Praeger, 1970. Evidently, failure rates for cementlessacetabular and femoral components were not dramatically better than failure rates for cemented components. Initial cemented THA in young patients with osteoarthritis (OA) showed increased risk for revision due to aseptic loosening associated with OA and raised concerns of high rates of long-term failure. An official gazette is the legal newspaper of a country, or of an administrative part of a country, which publishes the text of new laws, decrees, regulations, treaties, legal notices, and court decisions. Please download or close your previous search result export first before starting a new bulk export. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. A key tenet of trade secrets is that there is no public disclosure of the asset. Croft P, Cooper C, Wickham C, Coggon D. Defining osteoarthritis of the hip for epidemiologic studies. Fewer people living and doing business in a small town generally means less business volume. Supporting academic libraries in a rapidly evolving/changing world. The Drawbacks of Federalism. When dislocation occurs, a thorough history, physical examination, and radiographic assessment help in choosing the proper intervention. Oosterbos CJ, Rahmy AI, Tonino AJ, Witpeerd W. High survival rate of hydroxyapatite-coated hip prostheses: 100 consecutive hips followed for 10 years. THA is done primarily to improve the quality of life rather than to extend it. 2. Cemented THA has been the treatment of choice for elderly patients with OA. Using credit cards when you travel or shop . Dont see your topic of interest listed here? Thus, the copyright owner receives protection immediately after that point without any explicit action with a government agency. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help There are limits to what Mr Yousaf can achieve. Thus, there is possibility of excess production. At a follow-up of 10 to 13 years, the femoral stem survival rate was 98.7%, and the acetabular cup survival rate was 87%. The statutory life for a patent is 20 years from the earliest effective filing date of the patent application. Tarity TD, Herz AL, Parvizi J, Rothman RH. But as the government generated more material, such a comprehensive provision proved unworkable. Centro de Investigacin y Docencia Econmicas, https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2612733.2612761. Survival rates decreased with each decade of age, from 95.8% for patients older than 80 to 63.7% for patients younger than 40. It is a comprehensive resource for practitioners working in the trenches of IP valuation and serves as a real-world walk-through of an IP valuation analysis from start to finish for each of the primary IP types. The industries in a small town are typically fewer and less diverse than those in a larger city. For example, an inventor publishes an article describing a new technology. Generally speaking, trademarks represent the most valuable types of IP in the market. Profits of public enterprises can be used by the state for financing the schemes of economic development. WebInformation Sources: Uses, Advantages, and Disadvantages Source Type Access Utility Advantages Disadvantages Book (nonfiction) Print, Online Research, information Factors contributing to progression of knee OA include: pre-existing knee OA, high loading of the knee and shifts in mechanical axes of the lower leg that alter load distribution, in addition to obesity and female gender [21]. However, publishing OGD also has potential downsides, such as misinterpretations, misuse, and privacy violations (Barry & Bannister, 2014; 284, the patent owner may receive damages for infringement that a competent authority determines as willful. They began as branded products that ultimately the public associated with more general products. A study by Nilsdotter et al [37] suggested that if the diagnosis of OA is unequivocal, symptoms and not the degree of radiographic change should provide the indication for surgery. If more educated and experienced employees prefer to live and work in a large city, your business may need to accept less education and experience in employees. In a developing country like India, with complex issues at hand evidence-based Planning of socio-economic development processes must rely on quality data. The site is secure. Patients undergoing arthroplasty seem to have psychological distress, although it was not associated with self-perceived functional recovery among hip arthroplasty patients. in large quantities, by a mechanical process invol, Documentation As public sector helps domestic industry, it is possible for the industry to be self reliant and the country to eliminate foreign goods. Dictionaries thesauruses pictures and press releases. Can the patient play sports again? Your file of search results citations is now ready. [tr.] creating transparency, the possibility to strengthen economic growth), and the risks and disadvantages of open data (e.g. Having better control of public enterprise, there is scope for better co-ordination among industries controlled by public sector. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. 1Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma of Chinese PLA, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China, 2Department of Emergency, 463rd Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, China. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. Works consisting of documents issued by local, regional, or national governments or by their agencies or subdivisions. Trademarks represent some of the largest brands in the world. Although access to surgical care, socio-economic and individual factors influences the decision for surgery, it is evident that pain and radiographic changes (like joint space narrowing [JSN]. If the court finds a competitor has willfully infringed and that infringement created damages, then the patent owner would be entitled to damages from the competitor. In fact, it is quite common that companies protect other intellectual property types, such as patents and trademarks, with trade secrets before they receive formal protections from the government. A study by Conrozier et al. The calculation of damages can be easier for a copyright litigation as opposed to a patent litigation. 8600 Rockville Pike Thus, THA can be cost saving or, at least cost- effective in improving quality-adjusted life expectancy. Origin and Growth of Auditing, 2. Want to learn more about due diligence for an IP valuation analysis? Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. The incidence of PTS varies from 20% to 70%, making it the most common reported complication after lower extremity DVT [43,44]. Please try again. In place of George Osbornes two-child limit on benefits, it has established a new weekly payment of 25 for These enterprises can be developed on economic, social and regional basis. Thank you. and transmitted securely. Dorr and colleagues [18] studied 56 Metasul (Zimmer, Inc., Warsaw, IN) metal-on metal THAs in patients with a mean age of 70 years (range, 35-85 years), 87.5% of whom had a diagnosis of primary OA. Convenience. The age at operation (70.2 8.4 yr) and minimum joint space at surgery (0.62 0.61 mm) were comparable to those reported by Hoaglund et al. In the late 1990s, GPO's two most important documents were the Starr Report and several rulings in the Microsoft antitrust case. Uploader Agreement. FOIA Also, the cementless proximal porous coated stems provided a good option for elderly patients. Trademarks can possess a remarkable amount of volatility in the market. Trade secrets require no formal registration or approval process with a regulatory entity, which is common for copyrights, trademarks, and patents. Berry and colleagues [4].ompared 25-year survival rates of 2,000 THAs performed between 1960 and 1971. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Federalism also comes with drawbacks. Because of the monopolistic attitude of the Government, the buyers lose the right of choice. Received 2014 Oct 30; Accepted 2015 Jan 7. Patents require full disclosure in exchange for the limited monopoly protection that they afford. Also, no gender related difference was observed in preoperative status or in postoperative outcome. The Federal Depository Library System was created in 1813, when Congress required the secretary of state to send a copy of the House and Senate journals to every university, college, and historical society in every state. Source Type Sources Advantages + Disadvantages - Books Examples: Discovery toolbar, The British Library: www.explore.bl.uk The Armys Logistics Research Projects (code: AWS14C003). Download PDF. The government provides patent owners with monopoly protection for up to the statutory life of the patent. However, the level of sports activities declines with age, as shown by Zahiri et al. The authors reported differences in utility scores depending on the instrument used and recommended that community preferences are not a substitute for directly measured utility scores at the individual level. Optimizing selection of femoral anteversion and offset are essential in providing the hip with excellent function by improving abductor muscle strength, preventing dislocation and adjusting leg length [22]. WebSOURCES: ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES The table below provides examples of different sources. Report a Violation 11. Wang et al studied patients who underwent unilateral or bilateral THA with a standardized QSL questionnaire, and the score of QSL was evaluated preoperatively and at first year follow-up of post-THA operation. Long-term results of use of the anatomic medullary locking prosthesis in total hip arthroplasty. Liang MH, Cullen KE, Larson MG, Thompson MS, Schwartz JA, Fossel AH. The information could be biased because it represents the opinions and background of Disadvantages: limited individual rights, uncertain transition of power, usually dependent on the military, no debate, no free press, no opposition parties. Bulletin of the Medical Library Association. In 2014, CRL was awarded a grant from the Carnegie Corporation of New York to to preserve and make available on the open web endangered government documentation from ten African and Persian Gulf nations where the integrity of the public record is at risk (see original announcement). The Scottish government has taken a different attitude. Otherwise, it pays for itself. James et al [55] performed a cost-utility analysis of various commonly performed orthopedic procedures for the purpose of prioritizing elective orthopedic procedures in the northwest of England. Account Disable 12. For more information on how we use your data, read ourprivacy policy. Companies in larger cities usually experience a higher average volume of productivity than those in smaller communities, according to a 2012 paper published by Spain's Center for Monetary and Financial Studies. DAntonio JA, Capello WN, Manley MT, Geesink R. Hydroxyapatite femoral stems for total hip arthroplasty: 10- to 13-year followup. THA is an effective treatment for patients with end-stage arthritic hip conditions. Points for the items are summed into a total score and cutoff values are used to classify the presence of mild-to-moderate PTS and severe PTS. Many copyrights will not generate economic activity for anywhere near the statutory life of the author or beyond. Medical Center Library, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2340. This will often make it necessary to offer smaller salaries, benefits and incentives to employees. Develops trust, credibility and reputation. Privacy Policy 9. We're doing our best to make sure our content is useful, accurate and safe.If by any chance you spot an inappropriate comment while navigating through our website please use this form to let us know, and we'll take care of it shortly. Sexual life is an important component of the quality of life and has been largely ignored by researchers in this field. Several factors contributing to these adverse effects, which may eventually result in failure of the THA, include the selection of the patients and the materials and design of the implant. Tyranny (advantage) Citizens from multiple social classes were involved in government. Ninety-day mortality after hip arthroplasty: a comparison between unilateral and simultaneous bilateral procedures. Measurement properties of the Villalta scale to define and classify the severity of the post-thrombotic syndrome. Soong M, Rubash HE, Macaulay W. Dislocation after total hip arthroplasty. In 2001 there were about 1,300 federal depository libraries. ." The aim of private enterprises is to make profit. 1 May 2023. Digas G, Krrholm J, Thanner J, Malchau H, Herberts P. Highly cross-linked polyethylene in cemented THA: randomized study of 61 hips. In place of George Osbornes two-child limit on benefits, it has established a new weekly payment of 25 for each child. The first three IP types come with formal and explicit government protections. This website uses cookies and third party services. 27 Apr. WebGovernment publication. However, data from the Finnish Arthroplasty Register [26] concluded that cementless hip replacements had a lower risk of revision for aseptic loosening than cemented implants in osteoarthritic patients aged from 55 to 74 years. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1977. Chang RW, Pellissier JM, Hazen GB. To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.

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