Silymarin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Depression and anxiety are associated with increased risk of developing AD. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. However, this review also noted that the quality of the studies was not very high, so more studies are needed before its possible to make any firm recommendations (44). Some people are advised to be cautious when taking milk thistle. doi:10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0206, Kazazis CE, Evangelopoulos AA, Kollas A, Vallianou NG. Ebrahimpour, K.; Gargari, B.; Mobasseri, M. et al. UltraThistle, the highest potency milk thistle formula, has been scientifically proven to be up to 10x more absorbable and up to 20x more effective than other standardized milk thistle formulas. Common side effects of milk thistle may include: indigestion, bloating, gas, stomach pain; This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Thats an alarmingly high percentage, leaving roughly 1.1 million people of the 2.2 million OCD sufferers in the United States seeking alternative treatment options (2) and natural remedies. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. In reducing oxidative stress, milk thistle is believed to be neuroprotective by helping prevent decline in brain function. Summary Milk thistle may increase breast milk production in women who are lactating, though very little research has been done to confirm its effects. Milk thistle is promoted as a dietary supplement for . Milk Thistle. Milk Thistle Tea: Benefits, Side Effects, and Dosage. Here are 7 science-based benefits of milk thistle. Silymarin (Silybum marianum; SM), popularly known as milk thistle, is an extract that has been used for many centuries to treat liver diseases. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Its regularly used as a complementary therapy by people who have liver damage due to conditions like alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis and even liver cancer (1, 5, 6). The .gov means its official. Milk thistle supplements, for . Finally, those with hormone-sensitive conditions, including certain cancers, may need to avoid using milk thistle. Medical research suggests that milk thistle, combined with traditional treatment, can improve diabetes. World J Gastroenterol. The study researchers hypothesize that milk thistle's antioxidant qualities make it a good candidate for treating conditions like cancer, hepatitis, NAFLD, diabetes, depression, and heart disease. Natural Medicines website. 2020;10(3):236-244. doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.02.003. 2016;5147468. doi:10.1155/2016/5147468. An allergic reaction is more common in people who are allergic to other plants in the Asteraceae family, such as ragweed, daisies, marigolds and chrysanthemums. While milk thistle is considered a noxious weed in various parts of the United States, it has little oral consumption value and is best absorbed in tablet or capsule supplement form, but can also be consumed as a tea or oral tincture. Amyloid plaques are sticky clusters of amyloid proteins that can build up between nerve cells as you age. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial. Mol Med Rep. 2016;13(4):3243-8. doi:10.3892/mmr.2016.4887, Yang Z, Zhuang L, Lu Y, Xu Q, Chen X. Substances in milk thistle may reduce blood sugar, a concern for people living with diabetes. JAMA. The benefits of milk thistle are believed to come from silymarin, an anti-inflammatory compound present throughout the entire plant, but highly concentrated in milk thistle seeds (4). In 2010, a double-blind, placebo-controlled study compared the effects of milk thistle to the antidepressant Prozac (fluoxetine) in treating OCD (600 milligrams of milk thistle vs 30 milligrams of Prozac daily). Epub 2019 Nov 24. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Bookmark the permalink. Milk thistle. Song X, Zhou B, Zhang P, Lei D, Wang Y, Yao G, Hayashi T, Xia M, Tashiro S, Onodera S, Ikejima T. Neurochem Res. The following list is not exhaustive. A 2010 review by researchers found that black . An official website of the United States government. The review went on to say that silymarin may be linked to lower rates of mortality in patients with cirrhosis and liver disease. Her work is regularly featured in media such as First For Women, Woman's World, and Natural Health. However, research is not conclusive on its uses. Certain people should take precautions when using milk thistle, and others may need to avoid it altogether. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial. For example, in one study, researchers investigated the mood elevating effects of silymarin, a collection of phytochemicals extracted from milk thistle. One reported effect of milk thistle is that it can boost breast milk production in lactating mothers. . You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. Can Milk Thistle Help People With Diabetes? Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin condition. Effect of silymarin (milk thistle) on liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C unsuccessfully treated with interferon therapy: a randomized controlled trial. Call 911 or seek help right away if you experience severe side effects from taking milk thistle. Milk thistle is often promoted for its liver-protecting effects. https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/milk-thistle. About curcumin, it isn't usually a problem but if you're on IMAOs you may like to read a bit before taking high doses. Milk thistle has been shown in experimental test-tube and animal studies to stimulate bone mineralization and potentially be protective against bone loss (22, 23). A double-blind controlled study. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial. Copyright 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. This article reviews what milk thistle is and, Milk thistle tea is said to protect the liver, stimulate breast milk production, and lower blood sugar levels. According to the International OCD Foundation about half of OCD patients stop taking their medications due to negative side effects. Occasionally, people report various digestive side effects. Careers. 2021;142:112024. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021, Walsh JA, Jones H, Mallbris L, et al. 2018;9:1903. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01903, Soleimani V, Delghandi PS, Moallem SA, Karimi G. Safety and toxicity of silymarin, the major constituent of milk thistle extract: An updated review. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. The benefits of milk thistle may be due to silymarin, an active ingredient found in the herb that is said to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Milk thistle. Milk thistle has been used for a range of psychiatric disorders including methamphetamine abuse and obsessive compulsive disorder. Milk thistle may have been combined with other plants or extracts in a specific preparation to treat these conditions. Hepatology. Risks. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Follow your healthcare provider's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity. Its been discovered that one of the compounds in milk thistle may work similarly to some diabetic medications by helping improve insulin sensitivity and decrease blood sugar (43). FREE standard shipping only available in the contiguous United States. Minerals for OCD If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, this could Its resources include publications (such as Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know) and fact sheets on a variety of specific supplement ingredients and products (such as vitamin D and multivitamin/mineral supplements). Neurological Disorders Milk thistle has long been used to alleviate the inflammation commonly associated with a host of neurological disorders such as dementia, Alzheimers, and Parkinsons Disease (8). These side effects may be mild or severe. a history of endometriosis or uterine fibroids. Osteoporosis is a disease caused by progressive bone loss. J Med Assoc Thai. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, By Soraiya Ebrahimpour Koujan, Bahram Pourghassem, Gargari Majid, Published February 15, 2015, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28025940, Current Drug Targets, A Mini Review on the Chemistry and Neuroprotective Effects of Silymarin, By Devi KP, Malar , Braidy , Nabavi , Nabavi, Published 2017, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 9. https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+1964, Toxnet, Valerian Root, Reviewed by SRP on 9/9/2014, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 10. https://nccih.nih.gov/research/results/spotlight/040310.htm, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Study Shows Chamomile Capsules Ease Anxiety Symptoms, Last Updated October 21, 2015, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3612440/, Evidence Based Complementary Medicine, Lavender and The Nervous System, Published March 14, 2013, By Peir Hossein Koulivand, Maryam Khaleghi Ghadiri, and Ali Gorji, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 12. https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-437/lemon-balm, WebMD.com, Lemon Balm, Retrieved May 5, 2019, Requirements for using and reposting articles. Milk thistle may not be recommended in some situations. More studies are needed before it can be determined how silymarin might be used to support people undergoing cancer treatment. Telecommunications relay service (TRS): 7-1-1, Email: info@nccih.nih.gov (link sends email). Milk thistle is sometimes used to treat skin conditions including mild psoriasis. The terms "milk thistle" and "silymarin" are often used interchangeably. But the evidence is limited, and some research methodologies are flawed, so its difficult to confirm these effects. edeka3 Brain Fog (anxiety, depression, ADHD), lots of medications. Phytomedicine. Summary Initial test-tube and animal studies have shown that milk thistle has some promising characteristics that could make it useful for protecting brain function. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). This flowering plant can help control blood sugar levels and enhance bone health. It usually develops slowly over a number of years and causes weak and fragile bones that break easily, even after minor falls. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. The NCCIH Clearinghouse provides information onNCCIHand complementary and integrative health approaches, including publications and searches of Federal databases of scientific and medical literature. Do not use this product without medical advice if you are pregnant. However, human studies are limited and havent yet shown any beneficial effects. Depression is one of the most frequent psychiatric disorders of Alzheimer's disease (AD). One small clinical trial showed an increase in breast milk formation in humans using milk thistle, but researchers caution that more studies are needed. Whether you are treated by a medical doctor or a practitioner trained in the use of natural medicines/supplements, make sure all your healthcare providers know about all of your medical conditions and treatments. Its main functions include antioxidant . Milk thistlesupplementscontaining silymarin are commonly sold as teas or in capsule form, but are also available as tablets, soft gels, and liquid extracts. No supplement is intended to treat, cure, or prevent disease. While milk thistle has been traditionally used in pregnant and breastfeeding women, its safety is unknown. Biomed Pharmacother. In test-tube and animal studies, silymarin has been shown to prevent oxidative damage to brain cells, which could help prevent mental decline (16, 17). You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Epub 2016 Mar 9. Did you know that milk thistle has recently been touted as a natural remedy to help manage the debilitating symptoms of OCD? Antidepressive Effect of Natural Products and Their Derivatives Targeting BDNF-TrkB in Gut-Brain Axis. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a flowering plant belonging to the Asteraceae (daisy) family. One of the active ingredients in milk thistle called silymarin is extracted from the plant's seeds. Epub 2013 Oct 14. Call our friendly customer service team at 1-800-569-4994 Weekdays 9am-12:30pm and 1:30pm-5pm EST, Get health news, exclusive offers, and more. Before taking milk thistle, talk to your doctor, pharmacist, or health care professional if you have allergies (especially to plants), have any medical conditions, or if you take other medicines or other herbal/health supplements. Available for Android and iOS devices. Experts believe silymarin is the primary active ingredient of the herb. This article will explore the uses of milk thistle and research on its potential benefits. Reflux Risk and Relief View More . Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. . This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Liu HY, Wei HJ, Wu L, Liu SM, Tang YY, Zou W, Wang CY, Zhang P, Tang XQ. ", National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM): "Milk Thistle," Herbs at a Glance: Milk thistle., Medicinenet.com: "Generic Name: Milk Thistle Oral.". Milk thistle. Matutino Santos P, Pereira Campos G, Nascimento C. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate Alleviates Memory Impairment in a Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease Induced by D-Galactose and Aluminum Chloride. Medicinal use of this product has not been approved by the FDA. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Seeff, L.; Curto, T.; Szabo, G. et al. J Diabetes Res. Milk thistle may interact with certain medications and supplements. Biomed Res Int. Adv Ther. This prickly plant has distinctive purple flowers and white veins, which traditional stories say were caused by a drop of the Virgin Marys milk falling onto its leaves. Silibinin is one of the main flavonoids produced by milk thistle, which is reported to inhibit the inflammatory response by suppressing the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B) pathway. Researchers also have found that milk thistle improved insulin resistance, a key part of type 2 diabetes. Abstract Depression is one of the most frequent psychiatric disorders of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Medical research suggests that milk thistle, combined with traditional treatment, can improve diabetes. Front Immunol. . information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of Milk thistle may lower blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Pharmacol Rev. To ensure quality and potency in your herbal remedies, why not grow your own? Well go over the methods that doctors use to determine this and provide a chart, Blessed thistle is an herb with a long history of use for digestive issues and breastfeeding. Anxiety; Autophagy; BDNF; Depression; Silibinin. According to researchers, these findings suggest that silymarin may improve diabetes symptoms like oxidative stress and inflammation. One important detoxifying ingredient is milk thistle. After using 2 tablets a day and 1 month, indigestion and pain in my liver disappeared. By lowering LDL "bad" cholesterol levels, milk thistle may lower the chance of developing heart disease. Accessed Oct. 30, 2020. You may opt-out of email communications at any time by clicking on Milk thistle has been used as a traditional remedy for neurological conditions like Alzheimers and Parkinsons disease for over two thousand years (13). Studies have shown a decrease in blood sugar levels and an improvement in cholesterol in. Closer to a Cancer Cure? For guidance from NCCIH on using PubMed, see How To Find Information About Complementary Health Approaches on PubMed. Quality and active ingredients in supplements may vary widely from maker to maker. Common Names:milk thistle, Mary thistle, holy thistle, Latin Names:Silybum marianum, synonym Carduus marianus. Large-scale, properly-designed studies are needed. Do not use more of this product than is recommended on the label. government site. Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed. It is not intended to substitute for the medical expertise and advice of your health care provider(s). Benefits. Click here for an email preview. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. More research is needed to confirm these results and the safety of milk thistle for breastfeeding mothers (38, 39, 40). 2013 Nov;19(11):847-53. doi: 10.1111/cns.12175. 2011;17(18):2288-2301. doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i18.2288. Silymarin is believed to have antioxidant properties. 2012;308(3):274-282. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8265, Ebrahimpour koujan S, Gargari BP, Mobasseri M, Valizadeh H, Asghari-jafarabadi M. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. The active ingredients in milk thistle are a group of plant compounds collectively known as silymarin (1). As a result, researchers suggest that milk thistle may be a useful therapy for preventing or delaying bone loss in postmenopausal women (24, 25). Scan J Gastroenterol. Milk Thistle (and liver cleansing) has two workings: it supports the liver and it lowers the inactive rT3 in favour of the active T3. In fact, it has traditionally been used to treat liver and gallbladder disorders, promote breast milk production, prevent and treat cancer and even protect the liver from snake bites, alcohol and other environmental poisons. One particular area of interest is in milk thistle's ability to protect and perhaps restore the liver. And, most recently, milk thistle is gaining traction as a natural remedy to help manage the symptoms of OCD. Nanjan MJ, Betz J. Resveratrol for the management of diabetes and its downstream pathologies. Natural Medicines. It's also proven useful in treating skin that's been damaged by radiation during breast cancer treatment. Studies have shown a decrease in blood sugar levels and an improvement in cholesterol in people with type 2 diabetes. By Brittany Lubeck, RD 2023 May;475(5):621-635. doi: 10.1007/s00424-023-02795-y. Accessed Oct. 30, 2020. Our study provides a new insight into the protective effects of silibinin in the treatment of anxiety/depression. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Satisfaction. include protected health information. The natural agonist of estrogen receptor silibinin plays an immunosuppressive role representing a potential therapeutic tool in rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, it is not known whether milk thistle or silymarin should be used to treat cirrhosis. 2020;34(6):1446-1454. doi:10.1002/ptr.6620. J Diabetes Res. Before Hepatology. Milk thistle may produce allergic reactions, which tend to be more common among people who are allergic to plants in the same family (for example, ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold, and daisy). Milk thistle is generally thought to be safe, but you still may experience side effects when taking it. metabolic syndrome, depression, cardiovascular diseases and thalassemia, in addition to its photoprotective activity in in vitro tests and preclinical studies. When considering the use of herbal supplements, seek the advice of your doctor. Nouri-Vaskeh M, Malek Mahdavi A, Afshan H, Alizadeh L, Zarei M. Effect of curcumin supplementation on disease severity in patients with liver cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial. Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. And, most recently, milk thistle is gaining traction as a natural remedy to help manage the symptoms of OCD. 2014;10(1):31-35. doi:10.17925/EE.2014.10.01.31. In: Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). 2008;47(2):605-12. doi:10.1002/hep.22044, Fried MW, Navarro VJ, Afdhal N, et al. MeSH While the cost of most OCD medications currently available on the market is actually quite reasonable, the common side effects that occur are definitely not. Silibinin significantly attenuated anxiety/depression-like behaviors caused by A1-42-treatment as shown in tail suspension test (TST), elevated plus maze (EPM) and forced swimming tests (FST). Not only does this help prevent cirrhoris, but may also be advantageous for those living with hepatitis or other liver diseases. 2 skintightspandex 3 yr. ago Ya idk I've taken milk thistle for liver health and I have anxiety independent of it Nootropicsfan 3 yr. ago Silymarin is an active component of milk thistle, which is not found in foods. Brittany Lubeck, RD, is a nutrition writer and registered dietitian with a master's degree in clinical nutrition. However, this is the only clinical study available. Summary One study has shown that people taking milk thistle supplements experienced a decrease in the number of acne lesions on their body. Several studies have suggested that milk thistle may be beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes. What Are the Side Effects of Milk Thistle? . People with diabetes often have high cholesterol. Substances in milk thistle may reduce blood sugar, a concern for people living with diabetes. Herbal/health supplements should be purchased from a reliable source to minimize the risk of contamination. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is said to have certain health benefits, including liver health, diabetes management, cancer treatment, and more. The research on milk thistle's use in cancer patients is promising, although more research is needed to determine its benefits. It can help prevent elevation of liver enzymes, which can be a side effect of the medication. Not available for orders containing UltraNourish. Consult with your healthcare provider if you experience these and other side effects to find out the best way to proceed. 2007 Sep;10(9):1089-93. doi: 10.1038/nn1971. If we combine this information with your protected If you take any medicines regularly, talk to your doctor before you start using milk thistle. People who are allergic to artichokes, kiwi, ragweed, daisies, marigolds, and chrysanthemums are at higher risk. Silymarin, a milk thistle element, is reported safe at doses of 700 milligrams three times a day for 24 weeks. Some supplements are close to chemicals in efficacy like saffron (standardized extract) for depression and magnolia bark extract for anxiety. Unexpected effects from milk thistle. All rights reserved. The Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine, second edition, 2004. ODS seeks to strengthen knowledge and understanding of dietary supplements by evaluating scientific information, supporting research, sharing research results, and educating the public. Other uses not proven with research have included treating malaria, mushroom poisoning, spleen or gallbladder problems, menstrual problems, liver problems (such as hepatitis B or C), and other conditions. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Although more research is needed on how it works, milk thistle is thought to reduce damage to the liver caused by free radicals, which are produced when your liver metabolizes toxic substances. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. There is no standardized dosage or recommended intake for milk thistle tea, but it's generally considered safe if consumed in moderation. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Milk thistle is most often used for various liver conditions, like hepatitis and fatty liver disease. A service of the National Library of Medicine, PubMed contains publication information and (in most cases) brief summaries of articles from scientific and medical journals. Song X, Zhou B, Cui L, Lei D, Zhang P, Yao G, Xia M, Hayashi T, Hattori S, Ushiki-Kaku Y, Tashiro SI, Onodera S, Ikejima T. Neurochem Res.

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