Elsie lacks He carefully explains the process of cell division, and explains that all the information that made Henrietta herself is contained within these cells, in their DNA. Members of the Medical and Scientific Community. 8. Based on the descriptions of Gey found on pages 3839, offer three adjectives that best describe his personality. Deborah submitted a request to have copies made of Elsie Lacks medical records, and Lurz left Skloot and Deborah with some archival documents to look through while he made the copies. Compare the differences between irresponsible and responsible reporting on HeLa and the Lacks family. What do Golds comments about his decision to publish private information without consulting the Lacks family reveal about his attitude toward them? Skloot ends the book with a quote from Deborah about immortality. What do you think of the connection between patient abuse and haunted hospitals? Since everybody benefits, everybody can accept the small risks of having their tissue scraps used in research. However, in a profit-driven health care system, all citizens do not have equal access to the treatments and medications made possible by tissue and cell research. In the midst of the ceremony, Pullum pulls Rebecca up on the pulpit, saying that she has come to make sense of Henrietta's cells. Who was the daughter of Henrietta Lacks that died only a few years after her mother? The Journals Division publishes 85 journals in the arts and humanities, technology and medicine, higher education, history, political science, and library science. Teachers are strongly encouraged to share the Radiolab episode with their students, as it includes audio recordings that the author taped while researching the book, and illuminates several key scenes from the book. Two courts later rule against the patients.2005 By this date, the U.S. government has issued patents relating to the use of about 20 percent of known human genes, including genes for Alzheimers, asthma, colon cancer, and, most famously, breast cancer.2006 An NIH researcher is charged with violating a federal conflict-of-interest law for providing thousands of tissue samples to the pharmaceutical company Pfizer in exchange for about half a million dollars.2009 The National Institutes of Health invests $13.5 million to develop a bank for fetal blood samples.2009 Parents in Minnesota and Texas sue to stop the nationwide practice of storing and conducting researchwithout consenton fetal blood samples, many of which can be traced back to the infants they came from.2009 More than 150,000 scientists join the American Civil Liberties Union and breast-cancer patients in suing Myriad Genetics over its breast-cancer gene patents. Elsie had developmental disabilities and was described by her family as "different" or "deaf and dumb". Complete your free account to request a guide. Now she worried that perhaps Elsie had been used for medical What does the 1969 Johns Hopkins study reveal about the researchers attitude and assumptions about race? Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! Lengauer hands Deborah a vial of her mother's cells, and Deborah warms it in her hands, saying her mother is probably cold. What do the names of the creek and the river suggest about life in Lacks Town? Lacks 5. He was the first journalist to contact the Lackses.Sir Lord Keenan Kester Cofieldattempted to sue Johns Hopkins and the Lacks familyTed Slavina hemophiliac whose doctor told him his cells were valuable. 4. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks - OUP Academic Web3. 10. This is known as the Hayflick limit. She is a former vice president of the National Book Critics Circle, and has taught creative nonfiction and science journalism at the University of Memphis, the University of Pittsburgh, and New York University. 4. Who are their common ancestors? Each time they stopped, Deborah would approach strangers and, apropos of nothing, present them with the picture of Elsie and introduce Skloot as her reporter. Deborah would also pull over occasionally to relate to Skloot her latest idea about her mothers legacy; on one occasion, Deborah was near tears: She said she couldnt keep her eyes on the road because she kept looking at the copy of the picture of Elsie. Determine an authors point of view or purpose in a text in which the rhetoric is particularly effective, analyzing how style and content contribute to the power, persuasiveness or beauty of the text. WebElsie Lacks (born Lucille Elsie Pleasant)Henriettas second born and eldest daughter. Sonny and Lawrence repeat the refrain Thats a miracle, when discussing the scientific advances made possible by their mothers cells. How did the media react to Carrels announcement that he had grown immortal chicken heart cells? Contact us What part of Elsies medical records did Lurz have? How does Day initially respond to Skloots request for information? How can you tell that Elsies photograph and autopsy are deeply troubling to Deborah? Deborah paces and talks rapidly about the things that have been done to her mother's cells - they've been shot into space, injected into prisoners, infected with HIV. Despite Deborahs clear shock, she insisted she still wanted to go to the Maryland State Records Archive to see if Elsies medical records had survived. What happened when the family started to bury Henriettas body? What effect did her research have on her? How has fear or lack of understanding influenced public policy relating to science? WebIt's also a search for the right people to love. Check out our revolutionary side-by-side summary and analysis. The author uses several similes to describe cells. Subscribe now. Not affiliated with Harvard College. He became known as a vigilante. Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details; provide an objective summary of the text. Click here for a photograph exibit featuring Crownsville Hospital Center. Describe the contribution that HeLa has made to research on the HIV virus and the AIDS epidemic. You'll also receive an email with the link. Deborah must deal with the difficult revelation that she had a sister, and that this sister probably died horribly when Deborah was only a baby. 3. A complete list of the Common Core State Standards can be found at http://www.corestandards.org/thestandards . What does Zakariyya believe about his birth? Deborah laughs and says she will. How does Deborah respond after Garys prayer? Chapter Twenty-Nine: A Village of Henriettas 1. 3101 Discovery Drive Alfred Cheetah Carter Deborahs first husband. Zakariyya is quiet for much of the visit, but he thanks Lengauer and Rebecca before he leaves. What was Elsies early life like? Summarize the pros and cons of giving patients legal ownership of their cells. 2. What does Zakariyyas choice of wordsthat damn doctor who done rape her cells reveal about his feelings about and perception of what Gey did? 3. 8. Eliza Lacks There are many excellent multimedia resources related to this book available on the authors website at RebeccaSkloot.com. 5. Give an example of propaganda that was used to fuel the publics fear and distrust of tissue culture. Describe Deborah and Cheetahs marriage. 4. 3. He handed Deborah a vial of HeLa cells, which Deborah kissed. 3. Margaret Sturdivant Henriettas cousin and confidante. Chapter Thirty-Four: The Medical Records 1. He was the first journalist to contact the Lackses. He organizes a yearly HeLa conference at Morehouse in Henriettas honor. Chapter 37. What impact does her use of imagery have on you as a reader? 6. What string of events in 2009 suggests that, if Skloot had not begun researching Henriettas story a decade earlier, it may have been lost forever? Why is it important to approach history from an objective point of view? Deborah shows him the photo of Elsie from Crownsville, and Gary is shocked. Dont have an account? Why do you think Deborah eventually decided to talk with Skloot? Youve successfully purchased a group discount. Her family had no idea that part of her was still alive, growing vigorously in laboratoriesfirst at Johns Hopkins, and eventually all over the world. What purpose was the school/hospital intended to serve? Create a time line that begins with the removal of Henriettas tissue sample and traces the scientific and medical breakthroughs that have been made possible as a result of HeLa cells. As she sifts through materials with Skloot, Deborah's happiest when she finds information about her birth on her mother's medical records. One of the arguments against giving people legal ownership of their tissues is summarized in the following quote from David Korn, vice provost for research at Harvard University: I think people are morally obligated to allow their bits and pieces to be used to advance knowledge to help others. Explain how a neutralization test is used to determine a vaccines efficacy. What are the intended and unintended consequences of a profitdriven health care system? Zakariyya uses the term disrespect to describe Geys treatment of Henrietta and the family. 5. Examine the often contradictory forces of altruism and profit as they influenced research related to HeLa. In the morning, Rebecca is exhausted and Deborah has broken out in massive hives and welts. What was ironic about the creation of Speed and Wyches Henrietta Lacks Foundation? 6. A lay preacher, he performed a faith healing on Deborah.LaTonyaDeborah and Cheetahs second child; Davons motherLittle AlfredDeborahs grandsonMargaret Sturdivant Henriettas cousin and confidante. In Elsie's medical record is a photo of her looking unkempt and crying, which a white woman's hand around her throat. Look back over Skloots description of Zakariyyas apartment. Deborah is relieved. 5. Why do you think you feel that way? Courtney Mama Speed resident of Turner Station and owner of Speeds Grocery. Alfred Jr. Deborah and Cheetahs firstborn child and little Alfreds father. Rebecca finds one record from shortly before Henrietta gave birth to Deborah; the doctor says her cervix looked healthy then. GradeSaver, 23 March 2017 Web. 3. With so many aspects of The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks to discuss, the fate of Deborahs younger sister, Elsie, sometimes goes unmentioned. What does the term informed consent mean? WebElsie Lacks family sent her to Crownsville (formerly known as the Hospital for the Negro Insane) after it became impossible to keep her safe and healthy at home. WebHowever, only a few weeks later, her medical records indicate that Henrietta was in agonizing pain and unable to urinate. He had five children by a former slave named Maria and leftpart of the Lacks plantation to them. 5. WebElsie Lacks's treatment at Crownsville is a particularly painful episode in the history of mistreatment of black people at the hands of the medical profession. Chapter Nine: Turner Station 1. Deborah tells Rebecca she has just witnessed a miracle. How did she react when this information was eventually shared with her? 4. Within a few years, a company named Microbiological Associates would begin selling HeLa for profit.1952 Scientists use HeLa cells to help develop the polio vaccine.1953 HeLa cells become the first cells ever cloned.1954 The pseudonym Helen Lane first appears in print as the source of HeLa cells.1954 Chester Southam begins to conduct experiments without patient consent to see whether or not injections of HeLa cells could cause cancer.1957 The term informed consent first appears in court documents.1965 HeLa cells are fused with mouse cells, creating the first animal-human hybrid cells.1965 The Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York finds Southam and a colleague guilty of unprofessional conduct and calls for stricter guidelines regarding human research subjects and informed consent.1966 To ensure adherence to the new guidelines for research involving human subjects, the National Institutes of Health begins requiring the approval of Institutional Review Boards for any research they fund.1966 Gartler drops the HeLa Bomb and proposes that HeLa cells have contaminated numerous cell lines.1970 George Gey dies of pancreatic cancer.1971 In a tribute to Gey, Henrietta Lacks is correctly identified for the first time in print as the source of HeLa.1973 The Lacks family learns for the first time that Henriettas cells are still alive.1973 Researchers from Johns Hopkins take samples from Henriettas children to further HeLa research, without informed consent.1974 The Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects (the Common Rule) requires informed consent for all human-subject research.1975 Michael Rogers publishes an article about HeLa and the Lacks family in Rolling Stone. Gey was conducting experiments in an attempt to create an immortal line of human cells that could be used in medical research. Why did the Lacks family think the doctors were taking their blood? These included procedures that involved drilling holes or inserting metal rods in the skull. Lengauer says he thinks Hopkins really screwed up the HeLa situation, and Deborah is surprised to hear a white person finally acknowledge this. 3. What physical ailments did Deborah suffer from as a result of the excitement and stress of seeing her mothers cells for the first time, and learning about Elsie? Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! How have laws regarding medical privacy changed since the early 1980s? Describe the changes that had taken place in the lives of Henriettas children by 1980. In spite of her deliberate decision to not read her mothers medical records, Deborah Lacks still learned extremely upsetting details about her mothers illness and autopsy. 7. In 1955, the facility was 800 patients over capacity. 3. What stereotype or bias might this assumption be based upon? 12. After learning about Crownsville, MD and what had happened to Elsie Lacks, Deborah was surprisingly upbeat. The marriage was abusive and ended in divorce. How long had Henrietta been dead when her family found out that her cells were still alive? Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. 10. TCU Library's core values and strategies. 3. Examine pages 5 and 6 and write down each step that Skloot took to begin her research. Deborah interprets this as evidence that Rebecca is lying, and demands to know who she's working for. When Deborah finally decides to give Skloot access to Henrietta's medical records it is a significant moments. What was the Supreme Court of Californias decision regarding the Moore lawsuit? How did Day, Sonny, and Lawrence respond to Joes crime? Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. What did Mary, Geys assistant, realize when she saw Henriettas painted toenails? Why did he get involved with the Lacks family? 7. Analyze how and why individuals, events, or ideas develop and interact over the course of a text. for a customized plan. Deborah and Rebecca visit Henrietta's grave, and Deborah insists that Rebecca take a photo of her with the picture of Elsie near her mother's grave, saying it will be the only photo of the three of them in the world. Even more miraculously, there was a record for Elsie Lacks. She was institutionalizeddue to epilepsy and died at age fifteen.Gladys LacksHenriettas sister, who disapproved of Henriettas marriage to DayJohnny PleasantHenriettas father. Summarize the main obstacles Gey and his assistants faced in their effort to grow cells. Analyze the ways in which Skloots style exemplifies the writers rule of show, dont tell as she develops the characters of Henrietta, Deborah, George Gey, or other key figures in the book. 5. Did Gey benefit or profit in any way from his participation in the research studies? Soon to be made into an HBO movie by Oprah Winfrey and Alan Ball, this New York Times bestseller takes readers on an extraordinary journey, from the colored ward of Johns Hopkins Hospital in the 1950s to stark white laboratories with freezers filled with HeLa cells, from Henriettas small, dying hometown of Clover, Virginia, to East Baltimore today, where her children and grandchildren live and struggle with the legacy of her cells. According to Henriettas cousin Cliff, what is beautiful about the idea of slaveowning white Lackses being buried under their black kin? Why is it important for science reporting to be accessible? Henrietta was diagnosed with cervical cancer shortly after his birth. What type of cancer was George Gey diagnosed with? 9. She worried that something bad had happened to her sister in that hospital, and that maybe she was used in some kind of research like their mother. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. Explain the various ways in which both the scientific community and the media are guilty of having viewed Henrietta and her family as abstractions. A 1958 article from the Washington Post revealed that Crownsville, MD in the 50s was more awful than Skloot and Deborah had imagined. Her case is now considered terminal. 3. Deborah says she's going to bed, but then continues to check on Rebecca every few minutes, making up increasingly bizarre excuses each time. Discuss the impact that witnessing the interaction between Gary and Deborahand, later, talking with Garyhad on Skloot. Chapter Twenty: The HeLa Bomb 1. Analyze the authors purpose in providing an explanation, describing a procedure, or discussing an experiment in a text, defining the question the author seeks to address. 5. What simile does she use to explain the functions of the different parts of a cell? Paraphrase the information on page 50 describing the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. 2. 5. What is mitosis? Do you feel that it is an appropriate response? Direct students to carefully examine the endnotes and foreword of the book, and discuss the specific steps and sources that the author used to ensure that the narrative account of Henriettas life is factual and accurate. Why were the hospitals medical records from the 1950s and earlier disposed of? Compare and contrast Skloots, Deborahs, and Zakariyyas interactions with the Jesus statue at Johns Hopkins. He had five children by a former slave named Maria and left part of the Lacks plantation to them. What subjective conclusions can you make about Mama Speed based on the objective details on page 72? Do you agree that Henrietta should have been correctly identified in order to give her the fame she so richly deserves, or do you think her anonymity should have been protected? 8. Additionally, given the medical miracles accomplished with Henrietta's cells, Gary believes that Henrietta was an angel or spiritual being sent by God. Chapter Eighteen: Strangest Hybrid 1. What was the result of Southams first research study? The Lacks Legacy: Reforming Racism in the Medical Field What did Stanley Gartler discover about eighteen of the most commonly used cell cultures? Deborah ends up leaving her husband and moving into her own apartment in an assisted living facility. Despite Deborahs clear shock, she insisted she still wanted 4. 3. From a single, abbreviated life grew a seemingly immortal line of cells that made some of the most crucial innovations in modern science possible. Hopkins Fulfillment Services (HFS) She does not allow Rebecca to photocopy the documents, so Rebecca must go through each one individually. The two women drive to Crownsville, which was formerly known as the Hospital for the Negro Insane. Because his lab is located at Hopkins, they walk past the same statue of Jesus that their mother walked past on her way to treatment for cancer.

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